A growing body of research continues to highlight how diet plays a critical role in mental well-being. Now, a study from the University of South Australia suggests that eating nuts regularly may slow cognitive decline and protect brain health in later life.

Dementia and Cognitive Decline on the Rise

The UK’s National Health Service (NHS) describes dementia as a syndrome marked by ongoing loss of memory, reasoning, and mental function. More than 850,000 people in the UK currently live with dementia, according to the Alzheimer’s Society. Globally, the World Health Organization estimates 47 million people are affected, with numbers projected to triple by 2050.

Study Details and Key Findings

Researchers analysed data from 4,822 Chinese adults over the age of 55, tracking dietary habits for 22 years. The study revealed that consuming just 10 grams of nuts daily — the equivalent of two teaspoons — was linked with sharper thinking, stronger memory, and better reasoning. Results showed up to a 60% improvement in cognitive function compared to non-nut eaters.

Seventeen percent of participants reported being regular nut consumers, with peanuts being the most common. These findings, published in The Journal of Nutrition, Health and Ageing, mark the first large-scale study in China to link nut consumption with brain health.

Why Peanuts Matter

Lead researcher Dr. Ming Li highlighted peanuts as a rich source of healthy fats, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory compounds. These nutrients are known to support cholesterol management, reduce inflammation, and improve overall brain health.

With China’s rapidly ageing population, dietary strategies like nut consumption may provide a simple yet effective way to ease pressure on healthcare systems.